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Grammar point
A1Very commonWord OrderNeutralBeginner

Vietnamese number + classifier + noun word order (quantifier phrase order)

Vietnamese quantity noun phrases use 'number + classifier + noun', such as một cái bàn ('one table').

Quick explanation

Quick explanation

Vietnamese quantity noun phrases use 'number + classifier + noun', such as một cái bàn ('one table').

English meanings

  • Quantifier phrase order

Grammar pattern

number + classifier + noun

Examples

1

Tôi có hai quyển sách.

I have two books.

2

Cô ấy mua ba cái áo.

She bought three shirts.

How to use it

Vietnamese uses classifiers with nouns, and the order is number + classifier + noun. English does not use classifiers, so learners must remember to include the appropriate Vietnamese classifier and use the correct order. Some nouns, especially for professions or roles, can sometimes omit the classifier.

  • Always put the number first, then the classifier, then the noun.
  • Choose the classifier based on Vietnamese usage, not by translating English word-for-word.
  • Some nouns for people or professions can sometimes omit the classifier, e.g., một giáo viên ('one teacher').

Compared with English

Compared with English

English says 'two books' or 'three shirts' without a classifier. Vietnamese requires a classifier: hai quyển sách ('two books'), ba cái áo ('three shirts').

Common mistakes

Tôi có quyển hai sách.

Tôi có hai quyển sách.

The number hai ('two') should come before the classifier quyển.

Cô ấy mua ba áo cái.

Cô ấy mua ba cái áo.

The correct order is number + classifier + noun.

Commonly confused grammar

Practice

Multiple choice

Which phrase means 'two books'?

Show answer
  • hai quyển sách
  • quyển hai sách
  • hai sách quyển

Answer: hai quyển sách

Explanation: The correct order is number + classifier + noun.

Fill in the blank

Fill in the blank: Tôi có hai ____ sách.

Show answer

Answer: Tôi có hai quyển sách.

Explanation: Number first, then classifier, then noun.

English to Vietnamese

Translate "I have two books." into Vietnamese.

Show answer

Answer: Tôi có hai quyển sách.

Explanation: Use số + loại từ + N in the same structure as the example.

True or false

The number + classifier + noun order can be used exactly like English word order.

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Answer: False

Explanation: Vietnamese has its own word order and use of classifiers, which is different from English.

Correction

Correct this sentence: Tôi có quyển hai sách.

Show answer

Answer: Tôi có hai quyển sách.

Explanation: The number hai should come before the classifier quyển.

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