Vietnamese time expression position (time phrase order)
Vietnamese time expressions can be placed at the beginning or end of a sentence, but not usually between the subject and verb.
Quick explanation
Quick explanation
Vietnamese time expressions can be placed at the beginning or end of a sentence, but not usually between the subject and verb.
English meanings
- Time phrase position
Grammar pattern
Examples
1
Hôm nay tôi đi học.
Today I go to school.
2
Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn tối nay.
I will call you tonight.
How to use it
Vietnamese often puts time expressions at the beginning of the sentence to set the context, or at the end for emphasis. For example, Hôm nay tôi đi học ('Today I go to school') or Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn tối nay ('I will call you tonight'). Placing the time between the subject and verb is less natural in Vietnamese, unlike in English.
- Time at the beginning sets the context for the whole sentence.
- Time at the end often adds extra information.
- Short time words can sometimes come after the subject, but beginners should stick to beginning or end.
Compared with English
Compared with English
In English, 'I go to school today' or 'Today I go to school' are both possible. In Vietnamese, time expressions are most natural at the beginning or end, not between subject and verb.
Common mistakes
Tôi hôm nay đi học.
Hôm nay tôi đi học.
It's more natural to put hôm nay at the beginning.
Tôi sẽ tối nay gọi cho bạn.
Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn tối nay.
tối nay is more natural at the end.
Commonly confused grammar
Practice
Multiple choice
Which sentence most naturally means 'Today I go to school'?
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Multiple choice
Which sentence most naturally means 'Today I go to school'?
- Hôm nay tôi đi học.
- Tôi hôm nay đi học.
- Tôi đi hôm nay học.
Answer: Hôm nay tôi đi học.
Explanation: Putting the time word hôm nay at the beginning is natural.
Fill in the blank
Fill in the blank: ____ tôi đi học.
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Fill in the blank
Fill in the blank: ____ tôi đi học.
Answer: Hôm nay tôi đi học.
Explanation: Time expressions at the beginning set the context.
English to Vietnamese
Translate "Today I go to school." into Vietnamese.
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English to Vietnamese
Translate "Today I go to school." into Vietnamese.
Answer: Hôm nay tôi đi học.
Explanation: Use vị trí thời gian in the same structure as the example.
True or false
Vietnamese time expressions can always follow English word order.
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True or false
Vietnamese time expressions can always follow English word order.
Answer: False
Explanation: Vietnamese has its own word order for time expressions, often different from English.
Correction
Correct this sentence: Tôi sẽ tối nay gọi cho bạn.
Show answer
Correction
Correct this sentence: Tôi sẽ tối nay gọi cho bạn.
Answer: Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn tối nay.
Explanation: tối nay should be at the end to indicate time.